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返回| 分期 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| A | 癌局限于肠壁 |
| B | 癌穿透浆膜 |
| C | 有局部淋巴结转移 |
| D | 有远处转移 |
参考文献
1. AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) Cancer Staging Manual, 7th ed, Edge, SB, Byrd, DR, Compton, CC, et al (Eds), Springer, New York 2010.
2.Astler VB, Coller FA. The prognostic significance of direct extension of carcinoma of the colon and rectumAnn Surg. 1954;139(6):846-52.
3. Dukes CE. The classification of cancer of the rectum. Journal of Pathological Bacteriology 1932;35:323